Modern Day Relevance of The Declaration of Independence...

Modern Day Relevance of The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is one of the most important documents produced by an American thinker. Reading The Declaration of Independence presents the reader with a window into the world of revolutionary America. It conveys the dynamic nature of the time better than any written work of the period. The real importance of The Declaration of Independence lies not in the purpose for which Jefferson created it, to declare independence from Great Britain, but rather how future generations have interpreted Jeffersons words. Jeffersons document originally guaranteed basic rights for a select segment of the American population. Today it has become a document which has been†¦show more content†¦The main problem faced by Americans in the Antebellum time period was whether or not to abolish the institution of African American slavery. Many abolitionists, such as Andrew Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglas, among others, would use the moving language of The Declaration of Independe nce to attack Southern slaveholders for keeping their fellow human beings in bondage. They claimed the current government was failing to secure the rights of, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, for a sizable portion of the American population. Clearly the fact that the creator of The Declaration of Independence owned slaves made it hard to believe that the aim of the document was to secure the rights of the African-American population. In fact, Jefferson believed that blacks were intellectually inferior to whites, and incapable of sustaining the Republic. He argued for a theory on creation that was dismissed by other intellectuals of the time called the Theory of Polygenesis. This theory was based on the assumption that God had not created humankind all at once, rather God had created the different races at different times. Jefferson believed God had created people of European origin to be superior to other races, and that people of African ancestry were not related to whites genetically. He used this theory to justify slavery even though he thought that the institution itself was detrimental to theShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution Of The United States1721 Words   |  7 Pageswhere Thomas Paine’s Common Sens e, Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence, and a Massachusetts slave petition called Denouncing Contradictions. The goals of each of these documents, was to convince the intended audience to grant the writer of the document, the ideal that is being argued for. While the documents were made at the same time, each advocates for a different ideal. Common Sense argues for democracy, the Declaration of Independence argues for rights, and the slave petitions DenouncingRead MoreAmerican Revolutionary War : The Battle Of The War1331 Words   |  6 PagesConflict American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War was a war fought between the British Empire and Continental Army over America’s Independence After the French and Indian War. Due to the money lost in the war, England taxed the colonists heavy through acts such as the Stamp Act and Intolerable Acts. This lead to events such as the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre which only angered both sides more. The first battle of the war was Lexington and Concord. A major battle of the warRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation Serving As The Foundation For The Us Constitution1520 Words   |  7 Pagespeace with Great Britain, and passed the Northwest Ordinance. This document served as the foundation for the United States Constitution, which was ratified in 1787. This ratification process took place over 200 years ago. Since that time, most modern-day Americans have assumed that this great document had always been honored and respected by everyone. On the contrary, the Constitution set off months of fi erce and often bitter debate after it was written and submitted to the states for ratificationRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Political Philosophy Essay3649 Words   |  15 Pagesnormative study of state, government, relationships between individual and communities, laws, rights and justice. It depends on the philosophers that can be entangled with ethics, economics and also metaphysics. Political thinkers are the pioneers of â€Å"Modern Politics† in the world. The first serious political thinkers emerged in Greece. Plato and Aristotle are two great philosophers of ancient Greece. 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There are many that dispute this yet there is some insight and relevance on how our freedom, choices and laws embody Christianity and it has done so since the beginning and still does so in the present. According to Rodney Stark it is, â€Å"Christianizing the Empire† (The Triumph of Christianity, 2011). And it is from whichRead MoreCharacteristics of Public Administration1800 Words   |  8 PagesBALOGUN | | MATRIC NUMBER:P/ND/10/3621360 DEPARTMENT:BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION CLASS:ND1 N | [ASSIGNMENT:BRIEFLY EXAMINE THE CHRACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND ITS PRIMARY OBJECTIVES REGARDING ITS ADMINISTRATIVE RELEVANCE.] CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION DEFINITION: Public Administration is a multi-dimensional discipline, defined by different authors and scholars, according to their understanding. It is viewed by each author in relation to his politicalRead MoreThe Indian Independence Movement2481 Words   |  10 Pageshistory of the Indian Independence Movement against the British in the 20th Century was evidently influenced and motivated by the underlying differences and perceptions of communal identities. The freedom struggle in essence was also an assertion of the interests and aspirations of the diverse communities of the Indian subcontinent. The Indian National Congress and the Muslim League were the two big powers that sought to mobilize public sentiments in the quest for Independence. While the Muslim LeagueRead More The Magna Carta Essay2236 Words   |  9 Pagesobligated to the king in several ways. The problem was that this feudal system was open to abuse by any non-benevolent king3 (The Text). Barons swore obedience and loyalty and provided knights for military service as needed. During the earlier days of feudalism, barons managed to provide the king with knights by dividing their lands into smaller parcels of estates as payment to tenants who could provide military service. By the time of the reign of King John, the obligation to serve was convenientlyRead MoreOrigin of International Law5357 Words   |  22 Pagesconduct of States in their inter course with one another† 5 All the definitions are subject to severe criticism due to which no single definition has been propounded. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT: In the view of European Scholars, modern International Law is determined by the modern European system. According to Oppenheim , International Law is â€Å"essentially a product of Christian civilization, and began gradually to grow from the second half of the middle ages.†6 This view is subject to criticism because

Early Childhood Childhood Development - 1494 Words

Rahima hashimi Professor Marilyn Damato ENG-5062 Due date:9 august 2017 Early childhood development Early childhood is the the time period when a child opens his eyes in the world and it continues upto the age of 8 years old (Masten et al. â€Å"NAME OF ARTICLE†)This is really the time in which the brain of the child starts growing and basis for the subsequences of development. Early childhood period starts at home the very first stages of life. Parents have a great role in childhood development. Then the second factor or place which has great effects on childhood development is the school or daycares. Healthy childhood development includes the physical,social,emotional,and languages development (Masten et al.pdf). The children must†¦show more content†¦The kids learn faster than the adults,because their brain is like blank sheet and they gather knowledge and informations that we gave.Educating the kids is necessary in early age,because it teaches them the value of discipline and well being.That s why home is the very basic school for young kids and parents are the primary teachers for children. Life is full of challenges and they need to gather information to be able to find solution for challenges they face in life.On the other hand mental development is also interconnected with the physical development of the child. Brain starts developing from the first stage of child opens his eyes. Informations are collected and send to the brain to analyse it (WHO 4).The time baby is in womb they listen while mummy is talking or reading books, the unborn start collecting information since they are in womb.The kids are shapes by their parents inShow MoreRelatedThe Early Childhood Development Of Australia1269 Words   |  6 Pagesyears the early childhood sector in Australia has undergone a number of legislative and organizational changes, which have impacted on the overall structure of service provision in Australia. Initiatives introduced by the federal government have changed the face of childcare from simple ‘child minding’ services, to full early childhood educational facilities, offering comprehensive age specific ‘high quality’ educational curriculum, which cover all ages and stages of early childhood development. HistoricallyRead MoreEarly Childhood Education And Development853 Words   |  4 PagesDuring this class, we have discussed many topics from the importance of Early Childhood Education, through all of the developmental stages and into the roots of behavioral issues. I’d have to say out of all the topics, the importance of Early Childhood Education and how children develop and learn from week 2 is what has stuck out the most to me. I have even found myself explaining the importance to friends, with information I have learned from this course. For example, in a recent conversationRead MoreChild Development And Early Childhood Education Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pageshe location chosen to do the twelve hours of service learning participation was the Early Childhood Learning Center. Interviews to the agency occurred on November 8th and 9th. The Early Childhood Learning Center (ECLC) is a child development and early childhood education center. 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For this reason, there is a pronouncedRead MoreProfessional Development in Early Childhood Education Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagesvery critical to his/her overall development, due to most of the time, teacher professionals are individuals who play the key and an active role in their early childhood development are teacher professionals who have a passion and a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators plays in the field of early childhood education for working with young children in their early childhood years of life, which the requirementsRead MoreThe Impact Of Early Childhood Education On Child Development1298 W ords   |  6 PagesImpact of Early Childhood Education on Child Development Over the past century, the role of education has greatly increased in areas all over Canada. It has grown in not just in the number of students attending, but also in the ways it has been offered. Before the 1960’s, the education of children consisted solely of parenting done at home (Molnar, 2002, p. 2). Over time, due to the growing importance of education, schools have slowly begun to target younger and younger generations. As a resultRead MoreSocial Development During The Early Childhood Years864 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy, done in Pakistan, was to identify social development in the early childhood years. One hundred and forty, random selected, boys and girls from Lahore City were used in this study. Fifteen was randomly chosen from each of eight private schools between the ages of 3 and 8. They were divided into three groups; 3 to 4 year olds, 4 to 6 year olds and 6 to 8 year olds. A checklist was developed to help collect data about children’s social development , consisting of 53 questions and two columns ofRead MoreEarly Childhood Development : The Psychoanalytic Theories And The Constructivist Theories881 Words   |  4 PagesPlay is one of the most critical aspect of a child development. Play will positively affect a child physical, cognitive, emotional and social development. Children learns various skills through play that will benefit them for the rest of their life. Play helps children develop vocabulary and literacy capability, social skills. Research shows that children benefit, both from guided and unstructured play. Specialists define guided play as play structured to teach academic skills and concepts (RoskosRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably t he most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreEarly Childhood Development Is A Beneficial Tool, It Should Not Be Mandatory916 Words   |  4 Pagesbuilt on self-discipline, self-reliance, and skill; therefore, the development of little ones must take center stage. However, this development is unique just as the children and the parents who are responsible for their upbringing are unique. While preschool programs can be a beneficial tool, it should not be mandatory because there is no significant evidence of success for federally funded programs; early childhood development occurs diversley among children; and parents alone are best qualified

Comparitive Study Between Euripides’ Alcestis and Hippolytus Free Essays

Euripides, youngest of the three great Greek tragedians, was born c. 485 BC though he was scarcely a generation younger than Sophocles, his world view better reflects the political, social, and intellectual crises of late 5th-century Athens. Euripides’ enormous range spans contradictory tendencies:   He was both a rationalist and a romanticist;  he both criticized the traditional gods and celebrated religious phenomena He incorporated the new intellectual and scientific movements into his works but also conveyed the irresistible power of the irrational. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparitive Study Between Euripides’ Alcestis and Hippolytus or any similar topic only for you Order Now Original and experimental, he parodied the conventions of tragedy and also used new theories about the illusionist and deceptive powers of language. He created tragicomic plots. His Alcestis and Hippolytus are his two great plays. We will notice many similarities in Euripidean plays. There are many similarities in Alcestis and Hippolytus and also have some dissimilarities. Comparative studies between these plays are discussed below. In ancient Greek tragedy there has several parts—Prologue, Parados, Episode. the first Stasimon the second Episode, the second Stasimon, the third Episode, the third Stasimon, the fourth Episode, the fifth Stasimon and Exodos. The plot structures of both plays are same. In both play we find Prologue, Parados, Episode, the first Stasimon the second Episode, the second Stasimon, the third Episode, the third Stasimon, the fourth Episode, the fifth Stasimon and Exodos and also choral ode with strophe and antistrophe. In both play the unity of time, pla ce and action have been maintained. Both plays are written in Iambic Pentameter. Both Alcestis and Hippolytus open with prologue or monologue which is a common characteristic of Greek plays . In both plays the audience have lost their interest from the very beginning because everything has been told before in the prologue. The play Alcestis begins with the prologue of the god Apollo. Here Apollo stops death from taking the life of Admetus and predicts that Alcestis will die instead of Admetus. He also predicts that Alcestis’ life will be saved by Heracles, the demi god. Similarly the play Hippolytus also begins with the monologue of the goddess Aphrodite. In the play Aphrodite the goddess of love, is angry with Hippolytus because of his devotion to Artemis, the goddess of chastity and hunting. So she makes a plan to ruin the life of Hippolytus, phadra and Theseus as well. Chorus plays a very significant role in Greek plays. The appearance of chorus is mandatory in Greek plays. In the plays of Sophocles the chorus continually present on the stage. In Euripides the picture is quite different. His plays are relatively complex. He experienced difficulties in retaining chorus. In Alcestis The entry of the chorus, or the â€Å"parodos† sequence, follows: a chorus of fifteen men of Pherae, led by a â€Å"coryphaeus† (chorus-leader), enter the orchestra of the theatre. The chorus-leader complains that they are in a state of suspense, ignorant of whether they ought to be performing mourning rituals for their queen. The chorus’ lyrical ode, to which they dance as they sing, consists of two paired stanzas of strophe and antistrophe. They sing of the silence that greets their search for signs of mourning, the evidence of Alcestis’ death. When goodness dies,† they lament, â€Å"all good men suffer, too. † The chorus-leader concludes by dismissing the chorus’ search for hope in the situation: â€Å"The King has exhausted every ritual. † The Chorus is significant here and active. They informed the audience about what is happening inside the palace. Unlike Seneca’s chorus, the chorus is very active and pla ys a very important role. In Hippolytus the chorus is composed of fifteen women of Troy. In this play the chorus is mostly passive. For in a Sophoclean play the chorus announces new comers. In Hippolytus the chorus is not as active as Sophoclean tragedy. They inform the audience of the death of his wife. But under no circumstances could they speak of the criminal passion of Phaedra for Hippolytus. That would have been the height of impropriety. That is why Phaedra has to lay bare her heart to the Nurse. It is Artemis who informed Theseus of what actually happened. What mortals fail to do, Dues ex machine can. The choruses in Hippolytus therefore do not serve any important purpose as they do in the tragedies of Aeschylus and Sophocles. Euripides always highlights the role of servant or nurse throughout his plays. He always highlights the salve character. In Alcestis it is the servant who reveals the secret to Heracles that their queen is dead. Heracles gets drunk and begins irritating the servants, who loved their queen and are bitter at not being allowed to mourn her properly. Finally, one of the servants snaps at the guest and tells him what has happened. Heracles is terribly embarrassed at his blunder and his bad behavior, and he decides to ambush and confront Death and save Alcestis from the clutches of Death. Similarly in Hippolytus it is nurse who reveals the secret of her queen to Hippolytus which hastens the death of Phaedra. Phaedra took her Nurse into her confidence. But the nurse foolishly exposed the truth to Hippolytus. So we can say in both plays. Euripides reveals the truth by a slave character. Aeschylus and Sophocles had implicit faith in the Olympian gods and goddesses. Euripides had refined sensibility and looks at the divinities a little critically disciple of Xenophanes and Anaxagoras, he had a rational outlook on men and things. He was not a skeptic, far less an atheist. He profusely used the traditional myth and legends. In Alcestis, Admetus  forgot to sacrifice to Artemis, and consequently found his marriage chamber full of coiled serpents. Apollo bade King Admetus  appease the goddess, and meanwhile he obtained (because Admetus  1 was such a kind master towards him) a special favour of the MOERAE: that when Admetus  1 should be about to die, he might be released from death, if someone should choose voluntarily to die for him. â€Å"In Admetus I found a godly man. And so I rescued him from death by tricking the MOERAE. These goddesses promised me that Admetus could escape an immediate death by giving in exchange another corpse to the powers below. † (Apollo. Euripides, Alcestis 10). Alcestis dies in vicarious death Admetus could not find someone who would die for him. Only because of the role of Apollo, Admetus’ life saves and Alcestis dies instead of him. Euripides makes gods and goddesses questionable. In Alcestis, Alcestis dies because Admetus could not find someone who would die for him. Only because of the role of Apollo, Admetus’ life saves and Alcestis dies instead of him. Here the justice of Apollo is definitely questionable. In Hippolytus, the Olympian gods and goddesses plays a very important role although they are presented in the play in an unpleasant way. Hippolytus is very much devoted to the goddess Artemis and do not worship Aphrodite which makes the goddess angry and she made a plan which ruins the life of Hippolytus, Phaedra and Theseus as well. The main theme of this play is the conflict between love and chastity, infact it is the conflict between Aphrodite and Artemis. Artemis is not also totally blameless. She could have save her favorite but didn’t do so. Although the god Poseidon does not appear physically but he plays a very significant role in this play. He too is responsible for the death of Hippolytus. Euripides portrayal of women in his plays has been somewhat bizarre. His female characters kill out of revenge, kill out of jealousy and kill because a god possessed them too. Women occasionally assert dominance in the household; although, even within the home they posses limited influence over their husbands. An interesting theme runs through Euripides theatrical tragedies Alcestis and Hippolytus. In each play the lead female character forgoes her life for the sake of love. In Alcestis, Alcestis willingly gives her life to prevent her husband Admentus’ death. In Hippolytus, Phaedra chooses to commits suicide as a result of falling in love with her husband’s son and refusing to be deceitful to her husband. Although Alcestis’ love should be considered as moral and virtuous where as Phaedra’s passion for her son was immoral, incestuous and illegal. In these two plays, a major female character challenges the predominately masculine centre pf power and authority and in some way questions the limits of that power. Alcestis forces her husband to confront the gap between the value that he attaches to family ties and affections and the honorific exchange of guest relationship that belong to the outward-facing world of male prerogatives. Phaedra’s erotic passion invades the garden world of idealized purity that Hippolytus would create with his virginal huntress-goddess, Artemis and shatters its defense by opening it up to the power of Aphrodite that he has rejected (both for himself and others) so absolutely. In the process, Phaedra also releases the suppressed violence and hatred that fuel Hippolytus’ total rejection of Aphrodite. .Although Phaedra has passionate desires for her stepson she is thoroughly ashamed of these feelings and as a result of her shame she decides to die by starving herself. She also condemns women who are unfaithful to their husbands as she says ‘And I despise them, women who preach faithfulness to husbands but dare the worst behind their backs. ’ Euripides, therefore, presents Phaedra as a moral woman who is just an unlucky victim of Aphrodite In these two cases the women are impelled to their actions by their intense emotional commitment to house and family. Alcestis and Phaedra both try to ensure their children’s future; and each is prepared to sacrifice her life in the process, although in diametrically opposite ways. In the play Hippolytus we notice the growth and development in Phaedra’s character. She is a dynamic or round character. But Alcestis does not have any growth and development throughout the play. She is a static character. Unlike Phaedra she plays a trivial role in the play. There is a question whether Euripides is misogynist or not. Euripides’ innovation in his Hippolytus is to cast the woman as a sympathetic character, Aphrodite’s helpless victim caught in a divine plan to destroy Hippolytus. His audience expects to see the wicked woman vilified and the virtuous youth exalted; that is the tradition. Instead, Euripides portrays his Phaedra as a highly moral woman struggling against the shame of her passion, while Hippolytus is an intolerant prig. Alcestis’ love is virtual, a sacred love for a husband. But Phaedra’s love for his step son has been considered in the play as sickness. She became love sick. Since her love is not pure like Alcestis so her love defined as sickness throughout the play. Euripides’ sympathetic tone is toward woman is also expressed in the play Alcestis. Alcestis’ fate can be viewed as a reflection of the male- dominated world of fifth- century Athens- her death is decided by her husband, in that he allows her to take his pre-ordained place in Hades; her rescue from Death comes only through Heracles’ intervention. Being led silently from the tomb perhaps symbolizes the woman’s role in the Athenian household as a subordinate figure, from whom it was preferred to hear little. In all, the play shows that the rules of the male world, guest- friendship and hospitality in particular, are more important that the whims of a female, even her dying wish are disregarded. So he can’t be considered as misogynist. Heroes are undistinguished in Euripidean plays. They do not have much heroic qualities. They are very common and simple rather heroines are more focused in Euripidean play. For example in Alcestis, Admetus’ role is not heroic rather he is coward and self centered. He has not any growth and development. Alcestis sacrifices her own life for her husband, Admetus just laments on her wife’s death. He does not try anything to save her beloved wife’s life. Rather it was Heracles who save the Alcestis life and rescued her. In Hippolytus, we notice the growth and development of Phaedra’s character. Phaedra’s love, her passion, her struggle and her death makes her a round character. But Hippolytus’ remains quite inactive throughout the play. He has no contribution to the action of the play. Phaedra and Aphrodite play the main role in this play. They are more focused than Theseus or Hippolytus. According to Aristotle a hero should not be too good or too bad. Hippolytus is too good. He is a debatable hero. He has no growth and development. Unlike Phaedra he is a static character. Deus ex machine is a technique where a god or artificial or improbable device introduced into a play to resolve the entanglements of the plot. This technique is frequently used by Euripides. In the play Alcestis, Heracles acted as Dues ex machine. In the play Hippolytus it is the goddess Artemis who is presented as Dues ex machine. Alcestis is considered as a satyr play. Alcestis is a domestic tragicomedy with a mixture of fairy tale atmosphere and intense personal suffering that in the extant plays reappears again. Although the play begins with a gloomy and tragic mood but the ending of this play is joyous. It has a happy ending though artificial. So this play is considered as a tragicomedy. His play Hippolytus explores the nature of passion, the problem of communication and language and the emotional and the moral pitfalls of intense aspiration and one-sided devotion to the ideal. This play is totally a tragedy. In this play Phaedra commit suicide and the play ends with death Hippolytus. Obviously this play does not end with a happy tone. So it has been considered as a pure example of tragedy. Euripides has come to be increasingly appreciated in modern times for his intellectual subtlety, bold and original dramatic power, brilliant psychological insight, and ability to elicit unexpected symbolic meaning from ancient myth and cult. Critics find the Alcestis a richly rewarding play in many areas. D. J. Conacher explores how Euripides expanded the myth of Admetus and Alcestis, adding comic and folk tale elements to suit the needs of his tragedy. In Hippolytus, he also adapts the myth of Pasiphae the mother of Phaedra and Ariadne, the sister of her. But he relates it to the play by his own way. Throughout his works Euripides struggled to show the human side of his characters and tried to elevate their actions to a status of importance and not just as a consequence of the intervention of the gods. For this reason Euripides stands apart as does his works. How to cite Comparitive Study Between Euripides’ Alcestis and Hippolytus, Papers

Problems of an Ethnocentric Viewpoint-Free-Sample for Students

Question: What are the problems of an ethnocentric viewpoint if you are trying to communicate with a person/group from another culture? Answer: Intercultural communication is the very debatable issue these days. This is because the countries and the businesses are becoming multicultural and diversified and thus the people have to communicate with other people from different culture. As the culture of the people is different thus, it becomes difficult for them to understand the perspectives of each other. This is because of the values and the beliefs of the people that are based on the culture of the people. Due to these differences in language, culture, beliefs etc., many barriers to communication developed and this makes the communication less effective in nature. Ethnocentrism is one of the major barriers to communication (Kinder and Kam, 2010). Ethnocentrism can be considered as the belief in the superiority of the ones own ethnic group. It can be described as the feeling of the people who judge anothers culture solely on the beliefs and values of their own. It has been analysed that the people with the behaviour or nature of being ethnocentric tends to be biased for their own culture and do not easily accept the other culture (Hsu and Nien, 2008). These ethnic distinctions and divisions act as the basis for cultural identity. Ethnocentrism may be overt or subtle, and while it is considered a natural proclivity of human psychology in everyday life, it has developed a generally negative connotation (Zafer Erdogan and Uzkurt, 2010). As far as the business communication is concerned, it has been realized that conducting business communication across the organisation with ethnic diversities is very difficult. It has been analysed that many problem rose due to change in culture and thus the perceptions of the people regarding the similar situation (Jang, 2013). When any of the individual from one culture unable to understand the culturally determined differences or perceptions in communication practices, values, beliefs, morals of another person from different culture than it creates issues. The main reason that has been found for the problem is the ethnocentric nature of one of the other person. If one person clings to the ethnocentric nature or view then it becomes a problematic situation for both to communicate effectively. Ethnocentrism is considered as deceptive in nature because the people like this perceive their own culture as right and logical. It becomes difficult for them to understand the fact that each culture has its own set of values and it needs to be respected (Dong, Day and Collao, 2008). In international business, queries arise concerning what is proper by which culture's standards, what is wise by which culture's opinion of the world, and what is right by whose morals. Since, it is very difficult to understand that who the person is, it is required to be very careful while communicating in the multicultural organization. It is necessary to try to rise above culturally imbued ways of viewing the world. For this it is required by the individual to understand that how the perception of the people changes and how it is intensely dependent on the culture of that individual. As far as the theoretical point of view is concerned, it has been realized that Realistic conflict theory assumes that ethnocentric behavior is created because of the perceived conflict between the two ethnic groups that are competing for the scarce resources (Samovar, et al. 2014). The dominant groups usually develop antagonist feeling towards the other groups that are new to them. There re several issues and problems that may create because of the ethnocentric behavior when communication is conducted between the people with tow different culture. The first problem that occurs is misunderstning.as discussed that every individual with different culture have different perception about the similar situation. But, as the individuals who are conducting and intercultural communication are ethnocentric, they always try to understand the things from their perceptive and thus misunderstanding between the people occurs (Neuliep, 2012). Another issue that may rise due to ethnocentric nature is social instability in the culture and the society. Some people feel inferiors in front of others and thus loose the chance of upgrading themselves in the society. They do not get the equal opportunities to have access on the things that needs to be equally distributed to the whole society. This inferiority complex again results in groupism amongst the society. Groupism is the issue that increases the gap between the social cultures and the different ethnic groups. This breaks down the unity of the place and also results more and more disputes amongst the people that ruins the peace. The above discussed ethnocentricity is because of the differences in the culture and the beliefs. There is different kind of ethnocentricity that distinguishes the society into implicit and explicit society. In the condition of being explicit, the respondents have negative perceptions about the outsider groups or other groups and they behave negatively towards them. Whole in case of implicit ethnocentric behavior, the people with outsider group does not get the equal legal rights and this results in segregating of the whole society on the basis of religion, education, housing, participation etc (Arasaratnam and Banerjee, 2011). This determines that ethnocentricity is not a negative word but it may create negatively in the society if expressed in wrong way. Having superior perception about owns culture is not wrong but disrespecting others culture and judging the people on the basis of own values and beliefs create the difference in the society and ruins the peace (Arasaratnam and Banerjee, 2011). It is not only in the society but if the intercultural communication occurs in the organization then the scenario become worsen as the management finds it very difficult to deal with such ethnocentric behavior of the people that spoils the organization and working environment of the company. References: Arasaratnam, L.A. and Banerjee, S.C., 2011. Sensation seeking and intercultural communication competence: A model test.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,35(2), pp.226-233. Dong, Q., Day, K.D. and Collao, C.M., 2008. Overcoming ethnocentrism through developing intercultural communication sensitivity and multiculturalism.Human Communication,11(1), pp.27-38. Hsu, J.L. and Nien, H.P., 2008. Who are ethnocentric? Examining consumer ethnocentrism in Chinese societies.Journal of Consumer Behaviour,7(6), pp.436-447. Jang, S.M., 2013. Framing responsibility in climate change discourse: Ethnocentric attribution bias, perceived causes, and policy attitudes.Journal of Environmental Psychology,36, pp.27-36. Kinder, D.R. and Kam, C.D., 2010.Us against them: Ethnocentric foundations of American opinion. University of Chicago Press. Neuliep, J.W., 2012. The relationship among intercultural communication apprehension, ethnocentrism, uncertainty reduction, and communication satisfaction during initial intercultural interaction: An extension of anxiety and uncertainty management (AUM) theory.Journal of Intercultural Communication Research,41(1), pp.1-16. Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., McDaniel, E.R. and Roy, C.S., 2014.Intercultural communication: A reader. Cengage Learning. Zafer Erdogan, B. and Uzkurt, C., 2010. Effects of ethnocentric tendency on consumers' perception of product attitudes for foreign and domestic products.Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal,17(4), pp.393-406.

Sikhism Essays (1499 words) - Punjab, Sikhism, Panentheism

Sikhism Sikhism is a Religion of uniqueness. It has beliefs from two other religions; Hinduism and Islam (Borak 53). This religion is very scarce in the United States. The main area for Sikhs is in the Northwest India (Borak 53). I had never heard of this religion before, so that is the main reason why I chose to study this religion. I have found it very interesting and different. The Sikhs have many unique qualities. Sikhism dates back to a long time ago. Making it more modern, it was introduced near the closing of the 15th Century (Borak 53). Guru Nanak Dev originated it, now making it a minority group. The Sikhs are found generally around northwest India, or Punjab, but can also be found anywhere in the world (Borak 53). Sikhism has a very rare formation. This religion is a mixture of two other religions, known as Hinduism and Islam. This joining together is known as syncretism (Hopfe 188). The Hindus and Islams began to mix and some thought of joining the two together. Not everyone agreed so they decided to make a new religion with practices from both religions while still keeping Hinduism and Islam separate religions (Borak 54). From the Hindus, the reincarnation of Jesus was put into practice for this newly accepted religion and also they kept "The True Name" sacred because He can do anything. One true God is used also as a practice, coming from the Islam beliefs (Hopfe 188). Its originality helps make this religion special in its own unique way. The Sikhs have many of their own beliefs but also the ones coming from Hinduism and Islam. The opening lines in their Holy Book, or Guru Granith Sahib, state "There is one supreme eternal reality; the truth; immanent in all things; creator of all things; immanent in creation. With out fear and without hatred; not subject to time; beyond birth and death; self revealing"(Philosophy). This statement summarizes their basic teachings, also adding equality to their beliefs (Hopfe 198). They believe every human is of the same sex even though chastity is not allowed. Women are equal to all men. Sikhs do not believe in burning women, women wearing veils, or marriages to widows. There is no separation by creed, color, race, or sex (Philosophy). All people are equal. Sikhs believe to worship in temples known as Gurdwaras, also meaning Gateway to the Guru. Daily attachment to God helps you become closer to Him, believes Narm Marg (Philosophy). Also, faith grows within the community while worshipping at the Gurdwaras.(Richards, 198) Serving others is their center of worship (Richards 198). Among the Sikhs are three other religions, The Udasis, Sahajdharis, and the Singhs. The Udasis is an order of Holy Men who follow the same practices as Buddhist, Hindus, and Jainism. They are celibate and wear a yellow coarse garment like Buddhist monks or go naked like Jain monks. They have one possession, a begging bowl and they are also poorly shaven (Hopfe 180). On the other hand, Sahajdaris are very reasonable and very clean- people. They reject the militancy of the Sikhs (Hopfe 192). The Singhs are just a break off of the Sikhs. Sikhs believe in God but they worship by Gurus (Richards 198). Guru means leader (Hopfe 189). They also believe in Guru Granith Sahib and other writing by the ten Gurus. They do not believe in any other religion, though (Richards 198). God is the creator, maintainer, and distructer who can not take human form (Philosophy). He appears only in spirit by believing and can not appear in human (Richards 198). Their five cardinal vices are Kam, or lust, Krodah, or anger, Lobh, or greed, Moh, or wordly attachment, and Ahankar, or pride (Philosophy). Some of their beliefs and vices are the same as Catholics. Sikhism doesn't really have any hierarchy that I could find but they do have certain positions. There are ten Gurus who would serve as our priest do, but now they worship what the Gurus taught and by the Scripture (Hopfe 189). Gurus were the leaders. (See pages seven for a listing of the ten Gurus.) Their first Guru who was chosen April 5, 1469, the day Sikhism formed was Guru Nanak, and the last Guru was Gobind Singh Dev from 1666 to 1708 when he died(Guru Nanak Dev). I did not find out why there are not any more Gurus. Gurus are the down face of the heavenly who provide leadership for humans (Philosophy). They still do have anniversaries for the Gurus which

Northwoods Descriptive Essay Essay Example

Northwoods Descriptive Essay Essay Example Northwoods Descriptive Essay Essay Northwoods Descriptive Essay Essay Crisp, Warm and Wonderful Imagine a â€Å"Promise Land† of our time just hidden three hundred miles north of where you are sitting today. One of the few areas still untouched by big name developers, is the Northwoods. Northern Wisconsin has many natural beauties and magnificent wildlife, which will please even the most heartless of people. All of the seasons, Fall, Winter, Spring, and Summer, have there own unique attributes that set them apart from the seasons elsewhere. With the warm colored leaves flying through the air and piling up in the yard like a majestic mountain of color, it is hard not to just kick back and take in the view. The hammock in the yard chained to a pine tree and a maple tree provides all the comfort anyone could ask for, but bring a blanket, it gets cold. Wandering on another few feet from the hammock, all the sounds of the lake stampede into the inner ear, giving an indescribable sensation. The way the crisp blue water rushes up onto the iridescent white sandy beach catches the attention of any nature lover. The ragged, old sea foam fishing boat sways back and for the smacking the old used tires on the dock. The fish fry is being prepared from today’s catch, while everyone sits around the grill enjoying the sweet aroma. These cool fall days, with leaves falling all around remind one of all the years spent with the family, laughing and having fun. Bonfires are a must all along the lakeshore; they are illuminating the lake with a warm orange, like the orange of the trees this time of the year. Unfortunately this is the end of another year up at the lake. There comes a time every year when winter is near, shutting down the house and winterizing it, getting ready for another season. Winter is approaching fast. When winter rolls around, everything grinds to a halt. Except for the packers, the town’s people from the Northwoods have nothing more exciting than to sit in there heated homes and hope for another good year of pro football. The people less enthused by pro football tend to look to the world around them, and enjoy the wonders of winter up here. The ground turns rock hard, the temperatures dip to a bone chilling negative forty degrees. Many people would be deterred from the north woods around this time of the year, but the few who tuff it out see some of the most beautiful scenes a person could ever imagine. The pine trees, dusted with a fresh coat of snow, sway back and forth in the wind over the trailhead. The snowmobile trails covered in fresh powder, from the snowfall over the past night, sparkle in the sunlight. Many animals are hibernating but it is not uncommon to see a deer stroll by on the backwood’s trails. Seldom interrupted the snowmobilers rip down the trails to the next bar, but occasionally a deer will slow them down. When the snowmobilers pack it up for the season around February, the Northwoods once again becomes a quiet place, only a small blip on the radar with only locals around town. Waiting for tourist season to come along again, many locals start preparing for the upcoming summer. The springtime anywhere is always a beautiful season. But, here in the Northwoods the springtime is even more impressive. Untold numbers of nests in all shapes and forms, everywhere, show signs of new life and a new year, as everything gets a rebirth. Many flowers sprout up out of the ground, and bloom with brightly painted pedals, looking like a fourth of July firework. The deer are out and about, exploring the newly thawed ground, munching on some new green grass sprouts. All black bears are coming out of hibernation with there new born, in search of a tasty meal. The loons are calling for a new mate as the ice melts off the lake, revealing the crystal clear water of a spring fed lake. Many osprey and eagles sore high above in search of a mouse to feast on. The fish population is finally able to come off the deep, dark bottom and get some warm sunlight after many months of bitterly cold water and much lack of needed sunlight. The lily pads are in full bloom enticing frogs to come near, and the sweet sound of nature is abundant this time of the year. The days are getting warmer and the sun is staying out longer and longer each and every day, meaning that the cool spring weather is coming to a close and summer is bearing down on the Northwoods. When the warmth of summer hits the Northwoods, flocks of tourists come running up Interstate fifty-nine. All the lakes are all buzzing with activity. Brats and burgers are all cooking over the scorching charcoal grills in the backyards of every lake house. Skiing and tubing is in full force, all the boats are out and about. The sweet unmistakable scent of lemonade and ice cream is dancing through the soft-spoken air, from one nose to another. All the rug rats are out making sand castles and bonding with their siblings or friends while out in the lake swimming. The fishing boats are anchored all across the lake, the slightest glimpse of hope to catch the â€Å"big one† this year is pounded into the head of all fishermen. The lake is finally warm from the beading sun’s scorching heat; the last thing anyone would want to forget is there sunscreen. The warm weather has influenced the avid snowmobiler to fix his sled before the harsh winter rolls around again. No one wants to fix anything when it is insanely cold outside. The wild life up here is enjoying the warm dry air, wishing that it were this nice year-round. All in all the Northwoods has its fair share and more of beautiful wildlife and great sights for everyone to see. Hopefully it will stay like this forever, but god only knows. The way everything is being urbanized these days, one can only hope to be able to see this before it is gone. From one season to the next, fall, winter, spring, and summer, the Northwoods will always be a favorite place for many!

Choose a book that includes a person with a recognisable psychological Essay

Choose a book that includes a person with a recognisable psychological difficulty (schizophrenia). How can we understand the experience of the character that you have chosen Provide a critical discussion - Essay Example The author is a research psychiatrist specifying in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. He is a professor of psychiatry at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Maryland (Torrey, 2006). The male patient exhibited symptoms of schizophrenia with a first incident of psychosis that was difficult for the individual to manage. It also presented significant difficulties to the patient’s family as his behavior was highly unpredictable, changing within a relatively short time span. In some instances, the patient would develop anxiety and anger with every person around him. In the family member’s view, the individual looked confused and apprehensive of family members and friends who are well known to him without any justified reason. The major problem was that it was difficult to convince the person to seek the help of a physician since he did not think that he had a mental health problem. As the problem escalated, the individual continued to develop negative symptoms that deviated from the normal functioning of a healthy person’s mind. He appeared unresponsive to the surrounding nonchalant and apathetic (Torrey, 2006). The first severe episode of psychosis was followed by reduced symptoms that were not easily noticeable. However, the person continued to be socially withdrawn and also began losing awareness of personal hygiene, which kept away friends and many of his relatives. The person lost interest in communal activities in the society and also lacked motivation in life. His lack of interest in family affairs including matrimonial issues broke up his two-year marriage. He could not concentrate on important aspects concerning the living environment and could easily be run over by vehicles as he did not reflect on any potential danger while crossing the road. At times the person would not leave the house and also extended his sleep in an unusual manner. He could

Introduction to Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to Management Accounting - Essay Example Theories on motivation – presentation and analysis In order to understand the potential use of motivational theories in management accounting it would be necessary to refer to the context of ‘motive’, as the basis for the development of motivation, a process causing the willingness of individuals to be engaged or not in a particular activity or to put all their efforts in the achievement of a specific target. In accordance with Singla motive is ‘the latent power in a person which impels him to do a work’. Different approaches have been developed in literature regarding the explanation of motivation, as a factor influencing the performance of employees in businesses of different characteristics. In accordance with the reinforcement theory, each human is likely to decide considering the consequences of his behaviour. Knowing the results (outcomes) of his behaviour in advance, an individual can plan his behaviour accordingly so that the negative consequences are avoided and, if possible, the expected benefits are achieved. (Gitman et al. 2008). In the context of business environment, the reinforcement theory could have the following explanation: employees are promised specific rewards if they reach a particular level of performance; from a similar point of view, employees may be given a warning that if they fail to reach a minimum level of performance, they will be punished by a decrease in their payment or the deduction of certain of their common benefits – for instance, the mont hly subscription to leisure activities and so on. The punishment when used as a threat for pressuring employees to reach a particular level of performance is a policy based on the reinforcement theory, as explained above. In the study of McKenna (2000) reference is made to the theory of McFarlin and Sweeney (1992) on human motivation; in accordance with the above researchers, within modern businesses the motivation of individuals is depended on the following two factors: the distributive justice and the procedural justice; the former is reflected in the payment of equal salaries of employees reaching the same level of performance within the same organization; the latter means that within each organization the measures taken for the rewarding of employees in all departments are similar (McKenna 2000). The existence of distributive just

Promotional and advertising strategies Research Paper

Promotional and advertising strategies - Research Paper Example The further discussion will illustrate different recommendations for the organizations in terms of utilizing marketing information to different themselves within the marketplace. The study will also discuss the use of consumer-oriented promotion methods for the sports apparel industry along with the pricing decisions used by leading organizations. Finally, it will also discuss the most effective advertising methods and mediums for the organizations of sports apparel sector. The compare and contrast analysis of Nike and Adidas will emphasize on the similarities as well as different approaches of the organisations in terms of promotional procedure. Nike is an American retail brand which deals in manufacturing and marketing sports apparel and accessories. The organization has established their business in 1971 and they are headquartered in Oregon, USA. They possess near about 1600 retail stores across major cities of the world (Nike Inc. 2014). Adidas is a German multinational sportswear retail company which is headquartered in Bavaria, Germany. The organisation was founded and established in 1949 and it currently possesses almost 1746 concept stores (Cullers, 2013). The organization prefers to use informational appeal by the celebrity endorsement. Nike has hired a number of athletes, such as well known soccer players and famous basket ball players, to promote their brand to the potential consumers worldwide. Strong brand promotion through powerful slogan and distinctive logo has been also a pull promotional strategy of the organization. â€Å"Just do it† can be considered as one of their convincing slogans while their â€Å"swooch† logo creates a powerful impact to pull the potential consumers. Adidas also highly focuses on celebrity endorsement in terms of promoting their marketing activities. In comparison to Nike, Adidas prefer to promote their product marketing through athlete as well as movie

Strategic Analysis Of Mcdonald In India Business Essay

Strategic Analysis Of Mcdonald In India Business Essay McDonald in India is a joint-venture under the ownership and management of two Indians, Amit Jatia and Vikram Bakshi . Amit Jatia is managing director of Hardcastle Restaurants Pvt. Ltd. owns and spearheads McDonalds in west south India. However, McDonald in North and East India are managed and owned by Vikram Bakshi who is the owner of Connaught Plaza Ltd as well (McDonalds India, 2009). With success and leadership spanning over 12 years in the Indian Industry, McDonald is having a network of over 170 restaurants in India, with initiation of its business in the country in 1996. Company spent four years in developing its unique cold chain, resulting in bringing a revolution in the industry in terms of food handling. This investment benefited farmers in terms of avoiding risks associated with food handling and consumers in terms of provision of fresh and quality food products at great value (McDonalds India, 2009). McDonalds Business Model in India Business model, according to McDonald (2009), is based on four main pillars. And these pillars are fresh food, affordable prices, fast service and limited menu. As per McDonalds India (2009), first pillar, fresh food is the outcome of the initial investment in the development of unique cold chain. In fact, the companys integrated supply chain and its focus on centralized customers service are the among the key core competencies. Similarly, affordable prices distinguish the company from its competitors. However, the trust of the company on limited menu needs to be changed because of the demands and eating habits and preferences of the Indian customers. SWOT Analysis In the growing market of India, following are believed strengths of McDonald. Strengths Flexibility and Innovation in products Adaption to the market of India, particularly, meeting the religious and cultural demands of the customers. According to Jauhari (2007) initially McDonald dropped mutton, beef and ham burgers from its menu in India keeping in view the life style, religion and eating habits of the customers, and introduced vegetarian products. In case of sauces, the company provides 100% vegetarian sauces. The company understands of the consumers preferences and its ability to respond quickly through innovative ways is one of its strengths. This is what helps the company to successfully work on its strategy of think global and act local. Jauhari (2007: 135) states that McDonald stays ahead of its competitors by being innovative and looking for new opportunities. Jahuri (2007) states that company has introduced innovative ideas such as various packages for family and children and these innovative product offerings have created intimacy with customers. Further, its use of local people in its staff helps the company to create trust among the customers and to avoid any political pressures and issues (McDonald, 2009). Supply Chain Management Supply Chain is amongst important aspects that ensures success in the current era of competition. And according to McDonald (2009), Supply Chain model is amongst the utmost precisions. This matchless supply chain structure not only ascertain on time raw materials and supplies delivery but also helps the company reduce its cost, resulting in maximizing profits along with enabling the company to maintain high quality standards (McDonald (2009). The commitment level of the company can be seen from the huge amount in its supply chain model even before the start of business in the country in order to establish its delivery mechanism (Kulkarni, 2009). The companys efforts to develop a well-organized supply chain structure and set up modern technologies brought enormous changes in the entire fast food industry in India, raising the performance standards which seem to match international levels (Kulkarni, 2009). Kulkarni (2009) further states that the companys joint ventures with local suppliers and distributers helps the company to act proactively through the use of these information channels and these long term relations help the company to reduce its costs, improve quality and create intimacy in the market as well. Hence, supply chain integration is one of the strengths of the company. Cold Chain has been amongst the unique ideas initiated by McDonald in India after the efforts of six years efforts (Kulkarni, 2009). In fact, McDonald (2009) states that this revolutionary system offers immense advantage to farmer on the one hand by reducing the risks on perishables, and provides advantage to the customers on the other hand by offering them quality and fresh products at great value. Kulkarni (2009) also mentions the benefits of the cold chain stating that cold chain has enabled the company to reduce the costs and minimize wastage of perishables, on one hand and on the other hand, this cold chain helped the company to satisfy its customers by maintaining freshness and nutritional value of the products and relevant raw material. Affordable Prices In fact, this is again one of the innovative strategies that have widened the customer base of McDonald in India. McDonald used various price strategies for its customers and offered different food to match the target market (Kulkarni, 2009). McDonald initially was believed to have high prices in India and therefore, expansion outside the metros was unlikely because of affordability problems. But the company changed the perception through its flexible and innovative offers (Kulkarni, 2009). Centralized Customers Support Service Similarly, joining hands with vCustomer Corporation has helped the company to deliver the services to its customers through a centralized system, providing the customers support services and helping them to place an order (Kirkland, 2008). However, one of the main benefits this partnership provides is the information about the desires and demands of the customers by separating order and non-order calls (Kirkland, 2008). This helps the company to take corrective actions. Hence, focussing on customers with every possible way is amongst the strength that helps the company to understand and respond to the target market demands. Weaknesses Limited Menu The menu McDonald offers, however, is limited which can be argued not to fulfil the market demands (See Kulkarni., 2009). The fast food concept of Indian people can be deemed different than that of its European market (Goyal and Singh, 2007). For instance, Indians generally prefer spicy tandoori and curry food (McDonald, 2009) and Hindus do not eat meat (Cow particularly) and Muslims do not eat pork due to their religious restrictions (McDonald, 2009; Goyal and Singh, 2007). Further, according to Kulkarni (2009), Indian culture is diversified and different regions have different regions and such differences have been a challenge and demand the company new markets regularly in the market Inefficiencies in Home delivery The company has weakness in its delivery of orders in the Indian market (www.mcdonaldsindia.com). This weakness in fact is the lack of speed in its delivery and unavailability of delivery service in many of outlets. This is hampering its sales and gives its competitor to get the attention of its customers by offering the service in more efficient way. Global Warming The company uses material in its packaging which is harmful to the environment, causing damages to the Ozone layer and contributing to global warming (Kulkarni, 2009). In this way, McDonald is not fulfilling its social responsibility and this is one of the weaknesses in the business environment where governments, agencies and media are focusing on such issues and consumers are becoming aware of such phenomena. Opportunities Expansion India is a huge market (Jauhuri, 2003). Expansion strategies of McDonald and its current business model of expansion provide an opportunity to enhance its market share by opening its outlets in other areas of the country (See McDonald, 2009). According to (www.mcdonaldsindia.com), huge potential of growth exist in the market because there are many areas or cities in India which are currently not served by the company. Changing gender roles, paucity of time, customer sophistication and confidence, double income group and large population of India in them can be argued as opportunities for McDonalds (Keshwani et al., 2009). Out-of-Home Breakfast According McDonald (2009), research indicates that a large percentage of people in big cities have a desire to have breakfast out of their home if suitable breakfast is available. And changing gender role (McDonald, 2009) can be believed one of its reasons. This is another opportunity for the company to increase its sales by capturing such market segment by serving breakfast in its outlets. Better Home Delivery As discussed earlier, inefficiencies in home delivery provides another opportunity to enhance its customer base. This includes, both, provision of faster delivery and expansion of their home delivery across all outlets in India. Environmental Friendly Packaging If company uses other type of packages that do not affect the environment, it can be an opportunity to create a positive image and to avoid any future embarrassment from any of the agencies and government. Threats Religious and political confrontation As mentioned by McDonald (2009), in 2001, the company has faced such challenges. Many outlets in Mumbai were in face of having problems from the anti-American elements in the country. Similar threats are from the religious groups as well if there is any mistrust in the companys products which are against the religious codes of Hindus and Muslims in the country. As said earlier, the company in Western markets uses pork and meet and this matter was politicised in early 2000 and hence if mistrust is created, it can harm the companys image and can negatively affect is sales and market share. Changing Customers preferences Changing customers lifestyle and may tend to eat different and more healthy food (Sharma, 2005). The current concept of fast food may be replaced by new trends in food such as use of genetically modified food (Onyango et al., 2004). According to Goyal and Singh (2007) in India, there is high concern of healthy food because Indian people are facing the issues of Obesity and one reason for this problem is use of fast food which is high on calories and fats. The role of Media has been vital for such awareness among the consumers. Competition from Local Food Companies As suggested by Kulkarni (2009), though currently none of the local food companies can be said to be national, yet they have been growing with a speed that can be a threat to the multinationals such as McDonald. Given the opportunities in the market, local companies such as Nirulas can be potential threat in future. Nevertheless, given the innovative strategies in its product offerings, pricing, supply chain model, focus on understanding the demands and desires of customers, and flexibility, McDonald can be believed to overcome its future threats and convert its weaknesses into its strengths, eventually helping itself to grow in the huge market of India. Porters five forces Analysis Porters five forces model is founded on the idea that strategy of an organization should be according to the threats and opportunities in the external environment of the organization. Particularly, competitive strategy is needed to be based on understanding structures of the industry and the ways these structures transform (Porter, 1985). In fact, Porter recognized five competitive forces which, according to him, form every market and industry (Porter, 1985). The five competitive forces, together, shape competition and its intensity, therefore industry attractiveness and its profitability. According Porters model of five forces, the purpose of firm strategy is to transform the constituent forces in order to make them work in the favor of the company and strengthen the position of the firm in the industry. According to Chapman (2005), on the basis of obtained information from this model, decisions should be made to affect or to manipulate certain features the industry. An analysis of the industry to help McDonalds management to benefit from the industry has been provided below. Competition This industry is very competitive. Many large and small companies exist in this industry, fighting for improving the customer base by offering a range of products and services. Same is the situation with McDonalds in all over the world and India is not an exception. Presence of Dominos, Pizza corner, KFC, Barista and many of the local food companies in India are the threat for McDonald in India (Jauhari, 2003). High exit barriers, and low switching costs are also the part of the factors that increase the threats because high exit costs, on one hand, can force the companies to compete and survive in the same industry. On the other hand, low switching costs for consumers in the industry is a serious threat for McDonald because availability of choices can mean more buyer power and loss of customers. Entry It is tough to come into this industry as it is difficult to create a distinctive brand name. Further, cost of entry associated with high research and development cost makes it difficult for the new entrants. Large reputable names in the industry such as McDonald make it hard for the new companies to enter and succeed in a given market. Similarly, high fixed and storage costs for perishable also are barriers to entry of the new firms in the industry (Jauhri, 2003). However, in case of McDonald in India, it can be seen that though new entrants are not the major threat, yet expansion of existing local restaurants such as Nirulas (Kulkarini, 2009), are amongst the threats. Substitutes Though as discussed earlier, McDonald has its own ways of surviving and growing in the markets including India, yet many substitutes from local and other multinationals are available in form of traditional Indian food including North-Indian and South-Indian, other Asian and Western (Keshwani, 2009). And this can result as a threat for McDonald and these foods can be replaced with MDC Burgers, Beverages, dairy products, and others or with some new foods, low in calories and fats (Onyango et al., 2004). Strength of Suppliers As discussed earlier, focus of McDonald on supply chain and its current supply chain structure and its relationship with suppliers of various ingredients of food are the factors which can be believed as strengths for the company (Kulkarni, 2009). Seen this way, company does not seem to have any such challenge from the strength of suppliers. Strength of Buyers Relatively strength of buyers is less threatening, but it does not mean that it is not there. Increasing competition and increasing substitute pose a threat for McDonalds. As already stated the presence of Domino, Pizza corner, Pizza hut and local food companies, competition and threat of substitution is increasing (Kulakarni, 2009; Goyal and Singh, 2007). Hence, the strength of the buyer is also on increase. Core Competencies of McDonalds in India According to McDonald (2009), four pillars or core competencies of the company are given above. These include fresh food, affordable prices, fast service and limited menu. These four areas which are believed by McDonald (2009) as their four pillars in India are core competencies of the company with the exception of limited menu. Fresh food provision because of unique cold chain of the company is amongst the core competencies (Kulkarni, 2009). Similarly, as discussed earlier, various price offers suitable to various segments of the target market are also believed that pricing of McDonald have significant positive impact in its current position in India (Kulkarni, 2009; Jauhari, 2003). Fast service also is one of the core competencies of the company if this is the case of the customer service inside the outlets and customer support and ordering service in collaboration with vCustomers corporation. However as stated in weaknesses part of SWOT analysis, home delivery to the customers is not that efficient. Hence, in this case, it is not the core competency. If the company really wants to work on this area to overcome these delays, it can become its core competency. Similar, doubts can arise by claiming limited menu as a pillar because with this limited menu, meeting the requirement of the diverse market seems difficult and when competition from the rivals is enhancing and when customers eating habits are different than the previous markets of the company. Recommendations Given the information from SWOT analysis, Porters five forces analysis and discussion on core competencies, a few recommendations are given below to help management understand current issues and the issues in future, eventually helping the management designing their strategies accordingly. Improved Product Home Delivery This is one of the areas of urgent focus because unavailability and delay in products can negatively impact the sales and market share of the company. Expansion and Variety As Indian market is a big and growing market and McDonald (Sharma, 2005) has its brand name, it should expand business and open many outlets in the areas which are still not served by the company. This will help to serve more areas and availability of outlets can help in reducing the delivery time as well. Similarly, keeping in view the population and diversity in population in terms of religion, income etc, it is suggested to add more variety to the menu in order to hit more market segments. Global Warming More focus on the products, packaging, and other activities which do not harm the environment is needed.

Roald Dahl was a famous British Writer :: essays research papers fc

Roald Dahl Roald Dahl was a famous British writer. He was inspired to write because of his dreams and life experiences. He enjoyed telling bedtime stories to his children. These bedtime stories were published and some were made into films. Roald Dahl was great writer and was recognized for his work. Roald Dahl was a famous British Writer. He was born in Llandeff, Wales on September 13th 1916. His parents, Harold and Sofie, came from Norway. He had four sisters, Astri, Affhild, Else and Astra, His father died when Roald was only four years old. Roald attended Repton, a private school in Derbyshire. He did not enjoy his school years, â€Å"I was appalled by the fact that masters and senior boys were allowed, literally, to wound other boys and sometimes quite severely. I couldn’t get over it. I never got over it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These experiences inspired him to write stories in which children fight against cruel adults and authorities. When he was 18 years old, he went on expedition to Newfoundland. Upon returning to England, he worked for Shell. During World War II, he served in the Royal Air forces in Libya, Greede and Syria. Being a pilot was dangerous and Dahl had a bad crash in the desert. While he was recovering from his wounds, he had strange dreams. These dreams inspired him to write his first short stories. He wrote about his most exiting Royal Air force adventures. The Saturday Evening Post published the story, A Piece of Cake. Later, this story was included in a book called, Over To You: the Stories of flyers and flying (1946). In 1953, Roald Dahl marries Patricia Neal. They had one son and four daughters. His eldest daughter Olivia died of measles when she was eight years old. He later divorced her and remarried to Felicity Ann Crossland in 1983. Dahl’s first children’s book, The Gremlins (1943) was written for Walt Disney. The following years he wrote a collection of short stories. In 1954, the story, Someone Like You, was very successful worldwide. He wrote a sequel, KISS KISS in 1959. The two books were serialized for television in America. Some of the stories were seen in programs like Alfred Hitchcock Presents and in Tales of the Unexpected. Roald Dahl used to tell bedtime stories to his children and these became the books he is now famous for. In 1961, he published James and the Giant Peach.

Danshui Plant No.2 Essay

Danshui assembling computer hard drives on a contract that was fulfilled at the end of May 2010, although the assembly hard drives was different with assembly of Iphone, Danshui was confident that its workers would adapt to the new assembly tasks and that it could hire and train the additional workers as needed. But in fact, Danshui didn’t manage employee property. The workers showed low efficiency in assembly Iphone with produced lower quantity than budgeted which is 180,000 units instead of 200,000 units. Other than that, Danshui couldn’t hire enough qualified labor to get production up to 200,000 units even though they raised wages by 30% because of Foxconn starting pay by 35% to the labors. In addition, Danshui operation department keep having flash memories damage problem, there were around 1,000 flash memories damage in August. It’s shown that Danshui’s labors are not enough skill to assembly Iphone. We suggest that Wentao Chen could organize more tr aining program for labors to solve the problem of damage of flash memories because of labors might lack of skill in assembly Iphone since they are more familiar in assembly computer hard drive before on contract with Apple. In order to improve the skill of labor in assembly Iphone so that will be decrease the number of damage of flash memories, and the decreasing of number of damage will be decrease the cost of assembly and increase the revenue. In addition, for the problem of couldn’t hire enough qualified labors to get the production of 200,000 units per month even though Danshui had raised the wages up to 30%. In order to solve this problem, we would like to suggest Wentao Chen to apply the intrinsic need of labor. For example, Danshui can set up a Childcare centre for take care the children of labors or provide free meal for those having over time workers and their children who in Childcare Centre. For example, Maybank has undergone various business transformations in the last four years to enhance their service offerings to their customers, improve operational efficiency and to focus efforts on their most valuable asset – their people. Currently, Maybank has put in place a plan to build a childcare centre to be used by employees during emergency situations. Parents who are faced with challenges in securing childcare services are able to utilize the centre for a temporary period of time whilst they source for alternative childcare services and facilities. The centre will provide parents with a safe environment, high-quality care as well as provide fun activities for their children when their regular care provider is unavailable or during emergency situations. The childcare centre is cur rently under construction and targets to open its doors to employees by the last quarter of 2013. We believe it’s can fulfill the satisfaction of employees and increase the retention of employees, in the other hand Danshui also can attract labor to work in Danshui without raising wages. Other than that, Danshui can improve the productivity of labors to get the production of 200,000 units with their high satisfaction to Danshui. Wentao Chen could help Danshui to get the production of 200,000 units without improve skill of labor or improve the productivity by satisfied the labors, he could using â€Å"outsourcing† to get 200,000 units production to reach the deal with Apple. Danshui can outsource to other similar assembly manufacturer for 20,000 units to fulfill the Apple contract.

Vocabulary Booster German English

English Deutsch Erklarung UNIT 18 Beispiele Market leader Marktfuhrer someone or something that is winning during a race or other situation where people are competing A company’s sales expressed as a percentage of the total market Short-term tactics designed to stimulate stronger sales of a product The situation in which there is only one seller of a product; a market in a particular product in which a single producer can fix an artificial price. Companies offering similar goods or services to the same set of customers A short and easily memorized phrase used in advertising The division of a market into submarkets according to the needs or buying habits of different groups of potential customers A small and specific market segment; an area or position which is exactly suitable for a small group of the same type Microsoft is a world leader in software design. Market share Marktanteil Promotion, Warenangebot Monopol, Monopolstellung The company has increased its market share. Promotion There was a promotion in the supermarket and they were giving away free glasses of wine. The government is determined to protect its tobacco monopoly. Monopoly Competitors Konkurrenten Werbespruch, Motto, Slogan Marktsegmentierung, Marktunterteilung Nische Their prices are better than any of their competitors. an advertising slogan Slogan Market segmentation City Insurance segmented the market into three by issuing three types of policy. Niche an ecological niche. 1 Differential advantage Turnover Differentialvorteil, -vorzug Umsatz Rezession Perfekter Wettbewerb A factor which makes you superior to competitors in a certain respect A business’s total sales revenue A period during which an economy is working below its potential When products are homogeneous, and there are a great many firms too small to have any influence on the market price, and firms can easily enter and exit the industry Situation in which there is only one buyer Industry in which the efficient existence of more than one producer is impossible; examples include public utilities such as water, gas and electricity, where it would be inefficient to have several competing companies laying their own networks of pipes or cables. When many producers of slightly differentiated products are able to sell them at well above their marginal costs. A concentrated market dominated by a few large suppliers. This is very frequent in manufacturing because of economies of scale and the cost barriers of entering and industry Factors which cause the average cost of producing something to fall as output increases. Large supermarkets have high turnovers (= their goods sell very quickly). The country is sliding into the depths of (a) recession. The two companies are in competition with each other. Recession Perfect competition Monopsony Natural monopoly Monopson Naturliches Monopol Monopolistic competition Monopolistischer Wettbewerb Oligopoly Oligopol Economies of scale Massenproduktionsvorteile 2 Barriers to entry Zugangsbeschrankungen Economic or technical factors that make it difficult or impossible for firms to enter a market or compete with existing suppliers. One in which a market leader can indicate its preferred price to smaller competitors. Dominant-firm oligopoly Cartel Kartell Group of producers or sellers who fix prices and quantities in order to avoid competition and increase profits. This is illegal in many countries, most notably the USA an oil cartel 3 UNIT 19 Innovation Innovation, Neuerung Streuen, aufteilen Fusionieren, verschmelzen, Uberfall, Angriff Designing new products and bringing then to the market To expand into new fields To unite, combine, amalgamate, integrate or join together Buying another company’s shares on the stock exchange, hoping to persuade enough other shareholders to sell to take control of the company A public offer to a company’s shareholders to buy their shares, at a particular price during a particular period, so as to acquire a company To merge with or take over other firms producing the same type of goods or services Joining with firms in other stages of the production or sale of a product A merger with or the acquisition of one’s suppliers A merger with or the acquisition of one’s marketing outlets Combined production that is greater than the sum of the separate parts Team work at its best results in a synergy that can be very productive. The company made a takeover bid for a riva l firm. the latest innovations in computer technology To diversify Many wheat farmers have begun to diversify into other forms of agriculture. They decided to merge the two companies into one. To merge A raid Takeover bid Ubernahmeangebot Horizontal Horizontal, waagrecht Vertikal, senkrecht Rucklaufig, ruckwarts gerichtet Vorwarts, voraus Synergie Draw a horizontal line across the bottom of the page. vertical lines/stripes Vertical Backward Forward Synergy 4 UNIT 23 Printing money and destroying it Setting interest rates, ceilings & floors Commercial banking supervision Controlling the amount of banknotes in circulation Establishing maximum and minimum lending rates, thereby controlling the credit system Ensuring that banks have a sufficient liquidity ratio to allow customers to withdraw their deposits when they want Intervening on foreign exchange markets, buying or selling large amounts of the national currency, to prevent major fluctuations Lending money to a commercial bank in danger of going bankrupt Selling government bonds to commercial banks or buying them back, in order to alter the amount of credit the banks can offer (and thereby alter the money supply) Einkommensteuer Direkte Steuer (nach oben) gestaffelte Steuer Indirekte Steuer Mehrwertsteuer, Umsatzsteuer The tax people pay on their wages and salaries A tax on wages and salaries or on company profits A tax levied at a higher rate on higher incomes A tax paid on property, sales transactions, imports, and so on A tax collected at each stage of production, excluding the already-taxed costs from previous Exchange rates supervision Act as a lender of los resort Open market operations Income tax Direct tax Progressive tax Indirect tax Value-added tax 5 tages Capital gains tax Kapitalertragssteuer Erbschafts- und Schenkungssteuer Reichens teuer, Vermogenssteuer Steuerhinterziehung (legale) Steuervermeidung Abschreibung Abhaltung, negativer Anreiz rucklaufig Konsum, Verbrauch, Verzerr selbststandig Staatliche Sozialversicherung Leistungsanreiz, Vorteil Profits made by selling assets are generally liable to Gifts and inheritances over a certain value are often liable to The annual tax imposed on people’s fortunes (in some countries) Making false declarations to the tax authorities Reducing the amount of tax you pay to a legal minimum Reducing the value of a fixed asset, by charging it against profits Something which discourages an action An adjective describing a tax that is proportionally higher for people with less money Spending money to uy things, rather than saving it; Spending on goods and services Working for yourself, being your own boss A tax on incomes that pays for sickness benefit, unemployment benefit, and old-age pensions Non-financial benefits or advantages of a job A way to delay the payment of t ax to a later time Steuerlich absetzbar Describes expenditures that can be taken away Capital transfer tax Wealth tax Tax evasion Tax avoidance Depreciation Disincentive Regressive Consumption Self-employed National insurance Perks Tax shelters Tax-deductible 6 from taxable income or profits Tax havens Steueroasen A country offering very low tax rates to foreign businesses 7 UNIT 25 Expectations Mortgage Erwartungen, Aussichten Hypothek, Verpfanden Mieten, Pacht Output, Leistung Investition, Anlage Industrielle Jemanden entlassen, feuern demografisch Einschrankung Annahmen Ware, Handelsware Ausgleich, Gleichgewicht Beliefs about what will happen in the future Money borrowed in order to buy a house or flat or apartment Money paid for the use of a house or flat owned by somebody else The amount of something produced by a company, a country, and so on Spending on new machines, factories, and so on Owners or managers of manufacturing companies To dismiss employees Concerning the number of births, deaths, population movements, and so on An absence of luxury and comfort something that you accept as true without question or proof a substance or product that can be traded, bought or sold a state of balance People tend to make assumptions about you when you have a disability. The country's most valuable commodities include tin and diamonds. The disease destroys much of the inner-ear, disturbing the animal's equilibrium. Rent (Country’s) output Investment Industrialists Lay off Demographic Austerity Assumptions Commodity Equilibrium 8 Exchange Tauschen exogen Information Ressourcen, Mittel when you give something to someone and they give you something else They were given food and shelter in exchange for work. Exogenous Information facts about a situation, person, event, etc a useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organization or person I read an interesting bit/piece of information in the newspaper. The country's greatest resource is the dedication of its workers. Resources 9 UNIT 27 Visible trade Invisible imports and exports Barter or countertrade Balance of trade Warenverkehr, sichtbarer Handel Inlandische Dienstleistung an Auslander, unsichtbarer Handel Tauschhandel Handelsbilanz Zahlungsbilanz Trade in goods Trade in services (banking, insurance, tourism, and so on) Direct exchanges of goods, without the use of money The difference between what a country receives and pays for its exports and imports of goods The difference between a country’s total earnings from exports and its total expenditure on imports The (impossible) situation in which a country is completely self-sufficient and has no foreign trade A positive balance of trade or payments A negative balance of trade or payments Selling goods abroad at (or below) cost price Imposing trade barriers in order to restrict imports Taxes charged on imports Quantitative limits on the import of particular products or commodities Balance of payments Autarky Autarkie, wirtschaftliche Unabhangigkeit Ubersch uss, Mehrbetrag Defizit, Verlust, Mangel Preisunterbietung Protektionismus, Schutzzollpolitik Tarife, Zolle Quoten Surplus Deficit Dumping Protectionism Tariffs Quotas 10 Infant industries Kleinkinderbranchen UNIT 29 Market opportunity Marktchance Menschen mit hohem Eigenkapital risikoscheu Borsennotiert, notiert Gebuhr, Entgelt, Honorar Eigenkapital Laufende Kosten, variable Kosten Marktdurchdringung Aufsichtsratsmitglied The possibility of providing a new product or service to satisfy particular needs People with a lot of money at their disposal Describes investors who do not want to take risks with their money Describes companies whose shares are traded on the stock exchange Money paid to professional people for a job of work done Another word for stocks or shares: a company’s own capital The day-to-day expenses of operating a business. The attempt to increase or maximize sales, and get a large number of customers Directors who do not work full time for a company, but advise it about strategic issues Individual consumers, households, companies, organizations, etc. Vorausschau Seeing what will happen in the future To do what you prefer to do, at the lowest High net worth individuals Risk averse Listed Fee Equity Running costs Market penetration Non-executive directors Economic agents Foresight To maximize utility 11 possible cost Expectations Erwartungen, Aussichten Existenzgrunder Wachsamkeit, Aufmerksamkeit Unwissenheit Bewusstsein What people think or anticipate will happen in the future A person who starts a business Being quick to see, understand or act in new situations Not knowing about something Knowing or being conscious of something Entrepreneur Alertness Ignorance Awareness 12

Dubai Internet City Marketing Plan

Dubai Internet City Marketing Plan Free Online Research Papers The purpose of this paper is to provide a marketing plan for India/Bangalore where Dubai Internet City is planning to take its business operations. Dubai Internet City is a one stop shop which offers a variety of services and support to businesses when they want to start their businesses. Because of its continued offering of services in Dubai, the company has slowly obtained fame over the years. Located in Dubai, this company enjoys its brand since it is one of its own kind. The success and reputation of this company has further been stimulated by factors like the location and the diverse services that the company offers. Services like the communication, the transportation network and specialist management which this organization offers is one way of making this company create a success in the entire running of its services. In the new market, the business plans to recruit several firms which will be categorized into three. Through this the growth of the Dubai city is expected to rise from 57% to 76% (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). This paper will begin by analyzing the market strategies that the organization has adopted so as to be able to excel. In relation to the target market which will be based in India/Bangalore, the various groups which will be influenced and are located in this region will be observed so as to know their influence on this company. By using a detailed framework of the persona’s framework, the marketing plan will also highlight the three market segments that the business will be targeting. There will also be a brief description of how these target market segments will be joining the new business park. The competitor strategies will also form part of this marketing strategy that this business is going to rely on in the new market so as to achieve. The strengths and weaknesses of this business will be looked at and related to that of its competitors so as to find out whether the business can be able to withstand this over a long period of time. The marketing mix of the business will also be be analyzed so as to find out the mix that the business finds it the most effective for use so as to achieve its goals. Marketing mix will entail looking at issues like the product, price, place and promotional techniques that the business will adopt so as to meet its goals. So as to clearly analyze these parameters, more examples will be drawn from other businesses which offer the same products and those which have been in the market for over a long period of time. The financials and risks shall be the final part of analysis in this marketing plan. This will entail looking at the expenses and revenues which the business operates on. This will give a clear picture of the financial performance of this company and the changes that it is doing so as to be able to keep the graph of making profits to progress rather that retrogress. The balance sheet, the projected profit and loss account and the cashflow statements will be shown in this section so as to give a clear picture of how the business is performing financially. II. Situation Analysis and Strategy India/Bangalore is a very good place for Dubai Internet City to take its business to. This is because it has a very viable environment which will offer the business a good climate to make more profits. Many businesses are located in India and this will therefore offer the Dubai Internet City a chance to get reach to these business that they which to expand and offer its services to them. India, just like Dubai is among the leading business countries, Bangalore being one of the cities with the leading businesses. Together with other cities across the Middle East, Bangalore offers a good environment for trading since it provides very a very good platform and a comprehensive added value platform (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). Because of its strategic location, Bangalore is also a very good base because the economic trends in India has been favorable for over a long period of time. This therefore implies that this city is favorable for any international business to thrive and offers an opportunity for instant expansion. With the various businesses a round the town and hosting of various firms which would wish to rejuvenate their businesses by developing alternative ways of doing their businesses. The city is also ideal for the Asian Subcontinent, the Middle East and Africa for inter-business communications and activities to thrive. A part from this, the great population of these countries which is about 2 billion people is good for offering support and a good business network with the business (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). Market Dubai Internet Citys ability to operate in India/Bangalore is attributed to the institutions which are in place in this country and particularly the city of Bangalore. The healthcare centers for instance, have contributed through their tough economic cluster with other institutions like the media, the finance department of the country and technology. The school system offers a lifestyle which is unique for the business because it offers excellent opportunities for the business to excel in its activities. The sporting and leisure organizations also offer the business a good range of entertaining and dining choices. The Airport in Bangalore is also a very good organization which offers the business a chance to perform its activities with ease because it can easily move to other places when there is need. The government is also another institution which is geared at enabling the business to develop with a lot of ease. The Indian government has been gaining success and reputation because of its stability over several years. The government also offers support in terms of the incentives that they give for the business to thrive and besides they provide the best policies which are geared at making the business to operate without restrictions in the company (www.dubaiintern etcity.com). Persona: customer segments The lifestyle, nature and status of the customers will vary depending on how the business is and the number of years with which the business has been in place. Basing on the persona’s framework, the main segments which are expected to join the new business park include the executive companies, the retailers and small businesses which operate within the business. The most valuable group is the executive companies which have their business across the world. These companies include Cisco Systems, Siemens, Computer Associates, Microsoft, Dell, HP, Sony Ericsson and PeopleSoft organizations. So as to make these companies to gain a market for these companies, the business has put in place several strategies that are directly related to the improvement of these companies. These strategies include developing special places where these companies can stay as they handle the process of registration, posting their business to the website so that these companies can be able to get more of the services which these companies are offering. The executive target is at times called the CEO’s and it is the most valuable group that the business gas. This is because it is the largest group and it has a lot of resources that it can offer so as to make the business excel (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). Retailers refer to businesses which are established within the country yet they offer only products which are meant for resale but the nature of the products in which the handle is not so much sophisticated. So as to address the problem of this group of individuals, Dubai Internet City has a strategy that is geared towards making the retailers undertake their registration with the company. Such strategies include developing friendly prices and discounts for them so that they can afford the payment of the registration fees. The business also makes the process of registration easier for such businesses since they make the process of legalizing with the government to be shorter and at the same time to be reliable. The third segment involves the mall businesses which are organized by individuals and small scale organizations. Such businesses are thought to operate within the country and therefore their products are not exported to other countries. So as to win this group, Dubai Internet City has made sure that the right procedure is being followed when they are doing their registration so that the government allows them to perform their activities within the business. Positioning The positioning of the business attracts both direct and indirect competitors who are a threat to the persona. There are several competitors who offer the same services that this company offers and they include International Media Production Zone (IMPZ). So as to be able to outstand above such businesses, Dubai Internet City has developed a plan that is geared towards developing a long term unique production of its services. The plan involves production of quality services which are produced in a timely manner and at the expected rate. The business has done a lot of research as to the best solutions which can offer to its customers so that thy can keep coming again and again. This research involves understanding of the needs of the client in advance and making sure that these needs will be met (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). In line with the mission of the business which is to develop an infrastructural attitude an environment that will create a chance for communication to thrive in the local, regional and global markets in the entire world, this business is striving towards maintaining this mission,thereby making it to compete effectively with the competitors. The new positioning of the business will offer a competitive advantage because India has not been so much exploited by businesses which offer the same service as Dubai Internet City (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). The diverse services which the business offers will also be an upper hand and a booster in this market because it will attract many firms. The presence of potential firms which require services like that which the business offers is also an added advantage because they are going to be the potential clients. III. Marketing Mix It’s difficult to come up with strategies that are geared towards influencing a customer to accept one’s services. Having realized that, Dubai Internet City has devised ways of finding out the appropriate way of dealing with this issue especially by controlling other factors which are at their disposal like the external environment which is the opportunities and threats that the business faces. The four common marketing mix tools which are also referred to as the four P’s determine the method which the business will balance so as to be able to produce the best results. These tools include the product, place, promotion and the prices of the products which the business will offer (www.dubaiinternetcity.com). Product The product which this company is offering include a good metro Ethernet, environment, dynamic international community, world’s largest commercial IP telephony network and exemption from corporate taxes and personal income tax for 50 years for the executive businesses; offering opportunities for business interaction and networking, opportunities for channel and market development, communications infrastructure based on next-generation technologies and 100 percent repatriation of profits for the retail businesses as well as the small business organizations. These products are unique and one of their own kinds and therefore they give the business a chance to outshine its competitors within the market. So as to achieve this, the business makes sure that it utilizes the technological know-how which is slowly gaining fame within the markets and also performing a thorough research on the type of changes that need to be made and at what instances. With these products in the new marke t, the proposed business park will act as a good base for the development and striving of its business (Cousins, 1999). Price The price of the services which this business offers is very friendly and flexible for all the potential customers. The business has adopted a price strategy that is flexible and is aimed at making sure that al the groups which the business targets will be flexible with these prices. The level of contributions from the clients varies depending on the type of the firm that is being dealt with. Those firms which are in the executive group have their own package and target which they have to meet. This will however be a higher target that that of the retailers and the small scale dealers. These contributions will also be made basing on the time period with which the business is operation. During the holidays, the contribution will be higher because there are many businesses which would want to register and legalize their operations during this time. Place The place refers to the distribution channels through which the clients will be approached and recruited. This is a very important element for the business since it will determine whether the business is going to be accepted by many of the customers or not. So as to adopt the best distribution methods, the business ensures that that method is favorable for all regardless of the class, level and the ability to apply for recruitment with the company. One method that the company offers for recruitment is through the website. Since the business is going to deal with multinational companies which have their headquarters in various parts of the world, then it will have to develop a reliable website which can be the source of information from the clients. The business will ensure that the website is well maintained and updated so that important news and promotions can be posted to new and potential clients and therefore attract more clients to the business. Promotion The company has been and will use the six M method it has been using since the inception of this business. This involves having a mission for the promotion which has been ‘to provide the best products through efficient and reliable promotional techniques’. The mission is what drives the process which the business involves itself in the entire activity of dealing with the clients. The means refers to the return on investment which will be attached to the promotional plan. Before settling for a particular distribution process, it is important that the business ought to consider the long term effect of the activity in terms of how much it will contribute to the business, if the results are not viable in that they cannot meet the activities which take place in the company, then a different distribution technique will be sought. The third M is the message and this refers to the overall message which the promotion has. The message ought to be very comprehensive so that the clients can understand what the promotion is all about. This will also make the business to be well known because by a click on the button, all the information is going to be seen. The moment refers to the timing in which the promotion is being made. Timing is a very important factor which can either influence the availability of the clients either positively or negatively. The media is a very important issue also in the promotional method chosen. The type of media chosen is very important because it will determine the reach of the client. So as to effectively make the promotional activity to be effective, it is important that the business should consider the media that is very flexible and effective. The measurement refers to how the promotional tool will create a success in the business. The business ought to have a basis of weighing what will be happening within the business (Cousins, 1999). IV. Finance Risks The financials of the business involves the income statement, the projected balance sheet and the cashflow statement. The income statement is as follows: Dubai Internet City income statements 2007 2008 2009 Revenue 1,223 997 1302 Gross Profit 678 786 898 Gross Profit Margin 38.4% 38.4% 36.6% SGA Expense 531.5 531.5 497.3 Operating Income 171 181 149 Operating Margin 30.3% 30.3% 29.4% Nonoperating Income 29.8 29.8 92.9 Income Before Taxes 159 189 137 Net Income After Taxes 1073 1097 979 Total Operations 1072 1162 994 Total Net Income 1094 1123 989 The following is the projected balanced sheet of the business: Dubai Internet City Balance Sheet 2007 2008 2009 Current Assets Cash 2160 236 197 Net Receivables 930 984 903 Total Current Assets 3297 3597 3450 Total Assets 2920 2780 2781 11 Marketing Plan of Dubai Internet City Accounts Payable 489 443 488 Short-Term Debt 507 564 790 Total Current Liabilities 284 274 221 Total Liabilities 1596 1453 1512 Total Equity 1324 1124 1268 Cash flow statement Dubai Internet City Cash Flow 2007 2008 2009 Net Operating Cash Flow 255 Net Investing Cash Flow (675) Net Financing Cash Flow (182) Net Change in Cash 972 Depreciation Amortization 586 Capital Expenditures (848) Cash Dividends Paid (110) Risks There are several risks which the business expects to encounter but there are some mitigation strategies which it has taken so as to avoid diverse effects of these risks. These risks include the risk of its prices going down, the risk of the product getting obsolete and the risk of the market becoming unstable in terms of the economy of the country. These strategies include developing a strategy which will be geared at making sure the prices of the services they offer will always remain higher regardless of the time and the situation in place. The different services that the business offers indicates that the business will always perform because it will be offering a variety to any client who has the problem. With this the company will be able withstand all the situations because the competitors will be far away from the exact services that this company offers. The third mitigation strategy which the company will adopt is making sure that it has diversified its products across many nations so that in case there is insufficient business in one country because of instability of the economy, then one country can be sought for assistance. References: Cousins, L. (1999) Role of Marketing Plans in Marketing Planning?, Business Strategy Review vol. 4, Issue 2, June 1991, Pages: 42-41 Kirsch, D. and Goldfarb, B. (2002) The responsibility of business plans in the decision making process, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 18, Issue 6, Date: May 2009, Pages: 47-91 ‘The Centre of the Middle East Economy: Dubai Business one-stop shop’ Retrieved on 23rd Table of contents: I. Table of contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 II. Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 III. Situation Analysis and Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Market†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Persona: customer segments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Positioning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 IV. Marketing Mix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Product†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Price†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 Place†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Promotion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 V. Finance Risks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 VI. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 November, 2009 from ‘Why Dubai Internet City?’ Retrieved on 23rd , November, 2009 from 14 Research Papers on Dubai Internet City Marketing PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office SystemPETSTEL analysis of IndiaOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceTwilight of the UAWResearch Process Part One